Advances and Prospects of Free Space Optical Communication in Space Applications

Document Type : reviewed article

Author
Javad Haghshenas
Satellite System Institute, Iranian Space Research System (ISRC)
10.22034/jssta.2025.488443.1215
Abstract
This research aims to investigate the emerging technology of free-space optical communication and its applications in the space industry. By employing light beams as information carriers, this technology offers significantly higher bandwidth and enhanced security compared to conventional RF methods. The study provides a comprehensive review of the history of space missions aimed at developing and utilizing the advantages of free-space optical communication. Furthermore, it delves into the principles, challenges, and opportunities of this technology in various domains, including satellite communication, space networks, and deep space exploration. The research also explores existing technical challenges and potential solutions. Additionally, by introducing and examining relevant standards and comparing the achievements of leading countries in this field, a clear vision for the future of space laser communication is presented. The findings of this research demonstrate that free-space optical communication can play a pivotal role in developing space communication infrastructure and revolutionizing space technologies. Therefore, a precise strategy and a step-by-step roadmap are essential for achieving this technology domestically.
Keywords
Free Space Optics
Laser Communication Terminal
Satellite Laser communication
Strategy
Inter-satellite optical communication
Subjects
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Space Science, Technology and Applications
Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 9
September 2025
Pages 64-99

  • Receive Date 14 November 2024
  • Revise Date 13 December 2024
  • Accept Date 15 February 2025