Designing a flying object using the required speed method and optimizing it using evolutionary algorithm methods

In this article, the optimal design of a flying object is discussed with the help of designing the required speed. In this design method, the input information includes the type of fuel composition, payload mass, and maximum flight range, and the purpose of the design is to determine the initial mass and main dimensions of the aircraft. At the beginning of the design, the configuration of the bird is selected, and then with the determination of the fuel composition, the main characteristics of the fuel are determined as the main design inputs in the first step. By going through the design stages and by performing weight and geometric calculations, the initial mass of the flying object, the initial mass of the stages, the amount of fuel and oxidizer of the stages and the amount of thrust of the engines are determined. Then, to ensure the design method, similar flying objects in terms of fuel type, number of stages and also the final range have been used for validation. After performing the classical design, optimizing the mass function is considered, for optimization, the parameters  (relative initial thrust of the stages),  (internal combustion pressure of the engines) and  (exit pressure of the nozzle of the engines) with three GA methods (genetic evolutionary algorithm), ABC (bee colony evolutionary algorithm) and CA (cultural evolutionary algorithm) have been optimized and the results have been compared with each other. After analysis of  the results, it is clear that the minimum mass (objective function) and the most optimal value is related to the cultural optimization method (CA), which reduces the initial mass by bringing the flying object to the final range